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The National Academy of Sciences, India ((ヒンディー語:राष्ट्रीय विज्ञान अकादमी, भारत); established 1930) is the oldest Science Academy in India. It is located in Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh. The main objective of the Academy was to provide a national forum for the publication of research work carried out by Indian scientists and to provide opportunities for exchange of views among them. ==A Brief History and Activities of the Academy== India could Justly feel proud for its unique contributions to science in the ancient past. However, successive foreign invasions and alien rule for centuries pushed science in the background and the country went through with what may be described as the dark age for science. Western science attracted Indian intelligentsia after the establishment of the western system of education and the universities; and despite many constraints, the country could produce giants like Sir J.C. Bose & Acharya Prafulla Chandra Ray. The 1st world war and the world-wide economic depression caused a setback to scientific research globally - much more so in India whose scientists found it difficult even to publish their research work since they had to be almost entirely dependent on foreign journals. The post world war India also saw the rise of the freedom movement which incidentally also drew attention to the numerous problems of the Indian populace like poverty, hunger, diseases, recurrent floods, droughts, famines etc. Patriotic scientists felt deeply concerned with these. It was in this background that the idea of establishing a forum for scientists, which would help them in publishing their researches and bring them together to discuss and find scientific solutions to the problems of the country, was mooted by Prof. Meghnad Saha, a great scientist, patriot and then Professor of Physics at Allahabad University in 1929. His views were published in the article entitled 'A Plea for an Academy of Sciences' in December 1929 issue of the Allahabad University magazine. Thus, the National Academy of Sciences, India was founded in the year 1930, with the objectives to provide a national forum for the publication of research work carried out by Indian scientists and to provide opportunities for exchange of views among them. The Memorandum of Association was signed by seven distinguished and patriotic scientists namely Prof. Meghnad Saha, Prof. K.N. Bahl, Prof. D.R. Bhattacharya, Prof. P.C. MacMohan, Prof. A.C. Banerji, Prof. Ch. Wali Mohammad and Prof. N.R. Dhar. Of these, the Academy had the good fortune of having the continued association of Prof. N.R. Dhar until very lately when he expired on December 5, 1986 at the age of 96 years. Apart from being one of the founders of the Academy and taking continued interest in its welfare, Prof. Dhar also had donated the piece of land on which the Academy building stands today. The Rules and Regulations of the Academy were based on those of the Royal Society of England and Asiatic Society of Bengal. These have since been revised and updated to meet the emerging challenges. Prof. Meghnad Saha was elected its first President. The Academy started with 57 ordinary Members and 19 Fellows. Today it has 1665 Members and 1673 Fellows from all parts of the country; including 23 Honorary Fellows and 96 Foreign Fellows from various disciplines of Science and Technology. The Academy is financially supported by the Department of Science & Technology, Ministry of Science & Technology, Govt. of India; and it is also recognized as the Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation by the DSIR, Govt. of India. Presently, the President of the Academy is Prof. Akhilesh K. Tyagi, Director, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi A list of the Council Members of the Academy is given in the end of the introductory part. The Executive Secretary of the Academy is Dr. Niraj Kumar, who is also having the designated responsibilities of Public Information Officer, Public Grievance Officer and Transparency Officer. Sri A.K. Srivastava, Deputy Executive Secretary of the Academy is also acting as the Vigilance Officer. NASI - envisions the cultivation and promotion of Science & Technology in all its branches through – · organising meetings and holding discussions on scientific and technological problems; and promoting scientific and technological research for societal welfare; · undertaking such scientific works of technological or public importance as it may be called upon to perform; · publication of proceedings, journals, memoirs, transactions and other works as may be considered desirable; · creating an adequate impact of the Academy all over the country by opening Chapters of the Academy in other cities in the country, where reasonable number of scientists are interested; · co-operating with other organizations in India and abroad, having similar objectives, and to appoint representatives of the Academy to act on national and international bodies; · maintaining a Science Library; · performing all other acts, matters and things that may assist in, conduce to, or be necessary for the fulfillment of the aims and objects of the Academy. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「The National Academy of Sciences, India」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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